Academic Paper
Yusuke Nishiuchi, Tetsushi Ueta, Hiroshi Kawakami, Stable torus and its bifurcation phenomena in a Three-Dimensional Autonomous Circuit, Elsevier, Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Vol.27, No.4, 941-951, Feb. 2006.
Abstract: It is well known that a stable torus is observed as a result after the system meets the super-critical Neimark Sacker bifurcation for a limit cycle. Although tori are easily observed in two-dimensional and periodically forced dynamical systems, there is a few papers about stable tori in three-dimensional autonomous systems. Besides, as physical circuit implementations, such circuits contain very special active elements, or have difficulty in realizing. In this paper, we show a very simple circuit of three-dimensional autonomous system, an extended Bonhöffer van der Pol (BVP) oscillator, which is demonstrating a stable torus. Firstly we explain a discovery of the torus in a computer simulation of the model equation. To implement it as a circuitry, we design a new nonlinear resistor. Although this contains an FET and an op-amp, it is simpler than any other nonlinear resistors proposed in previous papers. We confirm that this BVP oscillator can generate a stable torus in a real circuitry. We thoroughly investigate the bifurcation phenomena of various limit cycles and tori in this circuit, i.e., a super-critical Neimark Sacker and tangent bifurcations of limit cycles are concretely obtained, furthermore, phase locking and chaos regions are clarified in a bifurcation diagram.